springboot 使用@ControllerAdvice注解全局处理系统异常

在日常的使用开发中，我们很多时候不停的注解使用try catch来处理异常，这样的全局代码重复性强，通过@controllerAdvice 注解来实现可以全局定义异常，处理大大减少代码的系统try catch。

import com.vicrab.api.bean.OperateCode;
import com.vicrab.api.server.model.OperateResult;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.ConversionNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.beans.TypeMismatchException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.io.IOException;

@ControllerAdvice
public class ControllerExceptionHandler {

private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ControllerExceptionHandler.class);private static final String logExceptionFormat = "Capture Exception By GlobalExceptionHandler: Code: %s Detail: %s";//运行时异常@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult runtimeExceptionHandler(RuntimeException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_RUN,异常 ex);}//空指针异常@ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult nullPointerExceptionHandler(NullPointerException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_NULL, ex);}//类型转换异常@ExceptionHandler(ClassCastException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult classCastExceptionHandler(ClassCastException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_CAST, ex);}//IO异常@ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult iOExceptionHandler(IOException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_IO, ex);}//未知方法异常@ExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult noSuchMethodExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_NO_SUCH_METHOD, ex);}//数组越界异常@ExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult indexOutOfBoundsExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDNS, ex);}//400错误@ExceptionHandler({ HttpMessageNotReadableException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult requestNotReadable(HttpMessageNotReadableException ex) {     logger.error("400..requestNotReadable");    return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.BAD_REQUEST, ex);}//400错误@ExceptionHandler({ TypeMismatchException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult requestTypeMismatch(TypeMismatchException ex) {     logger.error("400..TypeMismatchException");    return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.BAD_REQUEST, ex);}//400错误@ExceptionHandler({ MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult requestMissingServletRequest(MissingServletRequestParameterException ex) {     logger.error("400..MissingServletRequest");    return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.BAD_REQUEST, ex);}//405错误@ExceptionHandler({ AuthenticationException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult request401(AuthenticationException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.UNAUTHORIZED, ex);}//405错误@ExceptionHandler({ HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult request405(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, ex);}//406错误@ExceptionHandler({ HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult request406(HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException ex) {     logger.error("406...");    return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.NOT_ACCEPTABLE, ex);}//500错误@ExceptionHandler({ ConversionNotSupportedException.class, HttpMessageNotWritableException.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult server500(RuntimeException ex) {     logger.error("500...");    return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, ex);}//栈溢出@ExceptionHandler({ StackOverflowError.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult requestStackOverflow(StackOverflowError ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_STACK_OVER_FLOW, ex);}//其他错误@ExceptionHandler({ Exception.class})@ResponseBodypublic OperateResult exception(Exception ex) {     return exceptionFormat(OperateCode.EX_OTHER, ex);}private <T extends Throwable> OperateResult exceptionFormat(OperateCode operateCode, T ex) {     logger.error(String.format(logExceptionFormat, operateCode, ex));    return OperateResult.exception(operateCode, ex);}

}

@ExceptionHandler 用来定义异常的类型，这里面列举了空指针异常等，使用其实还可以实现自定义异常，注解比如

public class MyException extends RuntimeException {

public MyException(String code,全局 String msg) {     this.code = code;    this.msg = msg;}private String code;private String msg;// getter & setter

}

import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyControllerAdvice {

/** * 全局异常捕捉处理 * @param ex * @return */@ResponseBody@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)public Map errorHandler(Exception ex) {     Map map = new HashMap();    map.put("code", 100);    map.put("msg", ex.getMessage());    return map;}@ResponseBody@ExceptionHandler(value = MyException.class)public Map myErrorHandler(MyException ex) {     Map map = new HashMap();    map.put("code", ex.getCode());    map.put("msg", ex.getMsg());    return map;}

}

controller中抛出异常进行测试。

@RequestMapping("/home")
public String home() throws Exception {

// throw new Exception("Sam 错误");
throw new MyException("101",处理 "Sam 错误");

}

启动应用，访问：http://localhost:8080/home